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An ileal conduit (Bricker conduit) is one of the most commonly performed urinary diversion procedures following radical cystectomy. During the operation, a short segment of the small intestine is used to create a new passage for urine, allowing it to ...

Pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is a surgical procedure performed during radical cystectomy to remove lymph nodes surrounding the bladder. The primary goals are to determine whether bladder cancer has spread to the lymphatic system, provide ...

Adjuvant therapy is additional treatment administered after radical cystectomy for carefully selected patients who have a high risk of bladder cancer recurrence. Its goal is to eliminate microscopic cancer cells that may remain after surgery and ...

Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor (TURBT) is the standard surgical procedure used for the diagnosis, staging, and initial treatment of bladder cancer. During the procedure, the bladder tumor is removed through the urethra without making any ...

What Should a PSA Level Be? What Are the Normal PSA Values by Age?   The PSA test is one of the most commonly used blood tests for evaluating prostate health. After learning their PSA result, many men immediately ask, “Is my PSA level normal?” or ...

Why Is a Prostate MRI Performed? What Does Multiparametric Prostate MRI Show?   One of the most important advances in the evaluation of prostate diseases in recent years has been the widespread use of multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance ...

How Should You Prepare for a Prostate Biopsy? What Should You Know Before the Procedure?   A prostate biopsy is one of the most important diagnostic procedures used in the detection of prostate cancer. Today, prostate biopsies may be performed ...

Does Every Prostate Cancer Require Surgery?   One of the first questions many patients ask after being diagnosed with prostate cancer is whether they need immediate surgery. However, not all prostate cancers are managed in the same way. Treatment ...

What Is Robotic Radical Prostatectomy? How Is Prostate Cancer Surgery Performed?   For some patients diagnosed with prostate cancer, surgery may be the most appropriate treatment option. Today, one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures ...

Robotic Radical Prostatectomy: One of the Modern Gold Standards in the Surgical Treatment of Prostate Cancer   Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting men worldwide. Advances in early detection methods, including PSA testing ...

Does an Enlarged Prostate Always Require Surgery?   Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), commonly known as an enlarged prostate, is one of the most common urological conditions affecting aging men. As men get older, enlargement of the prostate gland ...

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), commonly known as an enlarged prostate, is a common condition that affects many men as they age. However, not every patient diagnosed with an enlarged prostate requires surgery. Many men can be successfully managed ...

Can Giant Prostates Be Treated? Modern Surgical Options for 200 cc, 300 cc, and Even Larger Prostates   Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common conditions affecting aging men. While many patients experience gradually ...

Kadir Büyükdoğan, Yusuf Öztürkmen, Barlas Goker, Melih Oral, Tolga Atay, Korhan Özkan, Ömür Çağlar, Mehmet Ayvaz Aim The aim of this study is to evaluate the functional outcomes and complications after non-fusion knee arthrodesis with a modular segmental intramedullary implant used for infected total knee arthroplasty...

Kadir Buyukdogan,* MD, Michael S. Laidlaw MD, Michael A. Fox MD, Michelle E. Kew MD, and Mark D. Miller MD Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA Background: It remains unclear if use of the lateral meniscus anterior horn (LMAH) as a landmark...

Kadir Buyukdogan, Samet Işık, Gökhan Ayık, Mazhar Tokgözoğlu, Mehmet Ayvaz This study aims to analyze the functional outcomes and lateral knee stability of patients who underwent lateral collateral ligament (LCL) and biceps femoris tendon reconstruction with suture anchors after proximal fibula en bloc resection for bone tumors....

Who Is Penis Enlargement Surgery Recommended For? Concerns about penis size can affect a man's confidence, body image, and sexual satisfaction. While some men consider surgical solutions, penis enlargement surgery is not recommended for everyone. In this article, we’ll explore who might benefit from the procedure, the...

Abstract: Background: Oral ulcerative mucositis (OUM) is a painful, inflammatory mucosa lesion that impairs quality of life. Despite available treatments, effective agents that promote faster healing and modulate inflammation are still needed. Oxytocin (OT), a neuropeptide with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, may aid wound healing by...